A recent systematic literature review published in Jurnal Transformatika (January 2026) examines global developments in anti‑drone technology, modern air defense systems and the challenges countries face as drones reshape military, security and civilian domains. The study reviews 25 research publications and identifies key technological, regulatory, and strategic trends relevant to national defense.
Key findings
Drones are transforming national defense and security.
Nine studies show drones expanding from ISR tools into AI‑enabled, network‑centric systems capable of reconnaissance, precision strikes, territorial monitoring and swarm operations, requiring new layered air defense architectures.
Counter‑UAS systems require multi‑sensor, multi‑layer integration.
Research highlights that traditional radar and SAM systems cannot reliably detect or neutralize small UAVs. Effective anti‑drone systems combine micro‑Doppler radar, RF sensors, EO/IR imaging, AI classification, jamming, spoofing and interceptor drones.
Technological convergence is reshaping future air defense.
Studies show emerging integration between drones and AI, HAPS platforms, LoRa communication, LiDAR and GIS, improving detection accuracy, long‑range operations, mapping, and command‑and‑control resilience.
Civilian drone operators and systems can support national defense.
Research highlights the potential to mobilize civilian drone pilots and commercial UAVs as reserve components for mapping, disaster response and non‑combat defense missions, requiring standardized training and certification.
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